Trade Based Money Laundering (“TBML”) is one of the main means by which criminal groups and terrorist financiers launder money, and by which illicit financial…

Whilst money laundering using virtual currency (VC) is relatively small compared to either cash or trade, it is nevertheless growing. Virtual currency is also the…

Having established the largest criminal markets impacting SSA, highlights from a region and country perspective are as follows: For the Extract from the SSA Threat…

SSA produces ever more waste, but much less than elsewhere in the world, but because of poor waste management controls and the imports of waste…

In this overview, the focus is on organised criminal gangs, corrupt officials, fraudsters, cyber criminals or hackers, proliferators and traffickers and terrorist groups across Sub-Saharan…

Illicit arms flows continue to destabilise the African continent, fuelling crime, conflict, and terrorist activities. Subregions affected by recurrent armed conflict experience the most organised…

Cash-based money laundering is the main means by which criminal organisations and terrorist financiers launder money, not just in SSA, but also around the world….

The vulnerability of African businesses to cyber crime is greater than in any other  region, because Africa spends the least on protection from cyber attacks….

Proliferators and traffickers include states, companies and individuals involved in trafficking in nuclear, missile, WMD, and military-related commodities, often in contravention of and to circumvent…

According to the Global Terrorism Index, the cost or economic impact of terrorism in SSA is US$12 billion. Countries facing threats from terrorism are mostly…